基于加权Voronoi图的林木竞争指数

以福寿山林场25年生的杉木生态公益林为研究对象,通过分析林木竞争指数与胸径生长因子的相关关系,得出二者为负相关,从而确定加权Voronoi图的权重为胸径倒数(W),借助Arcgis软件里的加权Voronoi图工具,通过加权Voronoi图的方法来确定竞争单元,提出基于加权Voronoi图的W_V_Hegyi竞争指数,最后将W_V_Hegyi竞争指数与Hegyi、V_Hegyi竞争指数进行对比分析,结果表明:1) 3种竞争指数与胸径相关性强弱排序为:W_V_HegyiV_HegyiHegyi;2) 3种竞争指数与胸径服从幂函数关系,曲线拟合度排序为:W_V_HegyiV_HegyiHegyi;3) 样地竞争指数平均值排序均为:V_HegyiW_V_HegyiHegyi。通过以上比较分析证明,W_V_Hegyi竞争指数比Hegyi、V_Hegyi竞争指数能更准确地反映林木间的竞争关系。      

苦瓜对8种蔬菜的化感作用

以8种海南主要栽培的蔬菜为受体,采用室内生测法研究苦瓜(Momordica charantiaL.)茎叶水浸提液对其化感作用。结果表明:苦瓜茎叶水浸提液对8种受体植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长均有一定的化感效应,且化感作用方式和强度在受体间及指标间存在显著差异;化感作用综合效应的平均值大小顺序为:辣椒黄瓜豇豆菜豆萝卜樱桃番茄胡萝卜番茄。试验结果为建立合理的栽培制度提供了理论和试验依据。     

三江平原水稻潜叶蝇发生规律及预测预报研究

研究旨在明确黑龙江省水稻主产区(三江平原)的水稻潜叶蝇的发生规律及影响水稻潜叶蝇发生的主要气象因子。试验从2006年开始连续10年在黑龙江省三江平原对水稻潜叶蝇的发生情况进行定点调查,收集水稻潜叶蝇发生时期的气象因子及第一代的虫口基数,采用通径分析及逐步回归的方法对6月末水稻潜叶蝇百株虫口数、气象因子及第一代虫口基数进行了研究,研究结果明确了第一代虫口基数及5月中旬的平均气温为影响水稻潜叶蝇的主要直接因子,而5月上旬的平均温度和5月下旬的平均温度是通过影响第一代虫口基数而间接影响了6月末的百株虫口数。通过逐步回归建立的短期预测模型Y=-150.012-1.432X_1+7.79X_4+0.17X_6+5.96X_7-0.121X_9-0.14X_(12)-0.09X_(15)+1.43X_(19)回归拟合效果好。可对黑龙江省三江平原水稻潜叶蝇的发生进行中短期预测。     

海南岛日最低、最高气温空间插值研究

为探索适用于海南岛日最低、最高气温空间插值的方法,研究以经度、纬度、海拔、坡度、坡向、海陆距离、NDVI等为环境变量,采用多元线性回归(multiple linear regression,MLR)、地理加权回归(geographically weighted regression,GWRK)、多元线性回归克里格(multiple linear regression-Kiging,MLRK)和地理加权回归克里格(geographically weighted regression-Kriging,GWRK)等4种方法对海南岛2016年1月1日—6月30日的日最低、最高气温进行了插值。结果表明:4种方法对日最低气温插值的总的平均绝对误差:MLRGWRGWRKMLRK,但GWR、GWRK、MLRK对日最低气温插值的总的平均绝对误差十分接近,对日最高气温有相同的规律。MLRK对日最低、最高气温的总体平均绝对误差分别为0.50℃和0.73℃。GWRK、MLRK对逐日最低气温插值的平均绝对误差也十分接近,对日最高气温也有相同的规律。无论是对日最低气温还是对日最高气温,MLRK、GWRK插值空间分布的主要差异均在站点稀疏的山区。因此,在海南岛,宜采用多元回归克里格(MLRK)对日最低、最高气温进行空间插值。     

Enhancing pedotransfer functions with environmental data for estimating bulk density and effective cation exchange capacity in a data‐sparse situation

Soil bulk density (BD) and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) are among the most important soil properties required for crop growth and environmental management. This study aimed to explore the combination of soil and environmental data in developing pedotransfer functions (PTFs) for BD and ECEC. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and random forest model (RFM) were employed in developing PTFs using three different data sets: soil data (PTF‐1), environmental data (PTF‐2) and the combination of soil and environmental data (PTF‐3). In developing the PTFs, three depth increments were also considered: all depth, topsoil (<0.40 m) and subsoil (>0.40 m). Results showed that PTF‐3 (R²; 0.29–0.69) outperformed both PTF‐1 (R²; 0.11–0.18) and PTF‐2 (R²; 0.22–0.59) in BD estimation. However, for ECEC estimation, PTF‐3 (R²; 0.61–0.86) performed comparably as PTF‐1 (R²; 0.58–0.76) with both PTFs out‐performing PTF‐2 (R²; 0.30–0.71). Also, grouping of data into different soil depth increments improves the estimation of BD with PTFs (especially PTF‐2 and PTF‐3) performing better at subsoils than topsoils. Generally, the most important predictors of BD are sand, silt, elevation, rainfall, temperature for estimation at topsoil while EVI, elevation, temperature and clay are the most important BD predictors in the subsoil. Also, clay, sand, pH, rainfall and SOC are the most important predictors of ECEC in the topsoil while pH, sand, clay, temperature and rainfall are the most important predictors of ECEC in the subsoil. Findings are important for overcoming the challenges of building national soil databases for large‐scale modelling in most data‐sparse countries, especially in the sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA).     

基于高光谱特征参数的冬小麦氮营养指数估算

为了实现快速高精度获取冬小麦氮营养指数的高光谱监测技术，利用美国SVC HR-1024I型野外光谱辐射仪对2017-2019年关中地区的冬小麦进行遥感监测，获取“三边”参数、任意两波段光谱指数和植被指数，通过相关性分析和逐步回归分析方法筛选冬小麦氮营养指数的敏感光谱参数，结合偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、随机森林算法(RFR)、支持向量机回归(SVR)和梯度增强回归(GBDT)建立冬小麦氮营养指数模型，并对模型估算精度进行验证。结果表明，从拔节期到灌浆期，各时期的氮营养指数与任意两波段光谱指数均呈极显著相关，其中拔节期氮营养指数与任意两波段光谱指数相关性均高于其他时期，且基于一阶导数光谱的归一化光谱指数和比值光谱指数与氮营养指数的相关系数最大，为0.66。拔节期基于梯度增强回归的冬小麦氮营养指数预测模型的决定系数(r²)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别为0.96和0.05,模型验证的r²、RMSE和相对预测偏差(RPD)分别为0.95、0.12和2.12,模型预测精度最高。因此，拔节期基于梯度增强回归的冬小麦氮营养指数估算模型可用于冬小麦氮营养监测...     

科技英语疑问句的信息功能探析

句子的功能所实现的交际任务是传递信息。根据话语信息传递和语言交际功能理论原则,通过甄选科技英语相关例证作为分析语料,从英语的科技文体视角探析了疑问句在科技英语信息推进中的五大作用,同时指出了解这些相关作用的必要性。     

基于SVM的CFRW导电性建模预测研究

针对碳纤维增强木质复合材料（CFRW）导电性具有非线性的特点，采用基于支持向量回归机（SVM）的机器学习方法建立碳纤维增强木质复合材料导电性预测模型。结果表明，所建模型的预测精度高、泛化能力强.     

Predicting the degree of phosphorus saturation using the ammonium acetate–EDTA soil test

As a result of the important role played by phosphorus (P) in surface water eutrophication, the susceptibility of soils to release P requires evaluation. The degree of phosphorus saturation, assessed by oxalate extraction (DPS_ox), has been used as an indicator. However, most laboratories do not include DPS_ox in routine soil tests because of cost and time. This study evaluates the suitability of the ammonium acetate extraction in the presence of EDTA (AAEDTA), the standard soil test P (STP) in Wallonia (Southern Belgium), to predict DPS_ox; we also compared it with the Mehlich 3 extraction. Ninety‐three topsoil samples were collected in agricultural soils throughout Wallonia. Good correlations were found between the AAEDTA and the Mehlich 3 methods for P, Fe and Al (r = 0.85, 0.77 and 0.86, respectively). An exponential relationship was found between P_AAEDTA and DPS_ox. Results of principal component analysis and regression demonstrated that STP can be used to predict DPS_ox (r = 0.93) after logarithmic transformation. Soil test Al was also a good indicator of the P sorption capacity (PSC_ox) of soils (r = 0.86). Including the clay fraction in regression equations only slightly improved the prediction of PSC_ox (r = 0.90), while other readily available data (such as pH or organic carbon) did not significantly improve either DPS_ox or PSC_ox predictions.     

毛竹珍稀新栽培变种——绿槽龟甲竹

描述了毛竹的1个新栽培变种——绿槽龟甲竹。其竹秆下部一段的节交互歪斜,上下节在一侧相连,而节间在另一侧偏肿呈龟甲状,竹秆黄色,且龟甲状秆对称绿色纵条纹,分枝一侧纵沟槽绿色,叶片有淡黄色细纵条纹。